International Production and Distribution Networks in East Asia: Eighteen Facts,Mechanics, and Policy Implications*

International production/distribution networks in East Asia developed in the 1990s and after have distinctive features in their significance, extensiveness, and sophistication. This paper first lists “18 facts” on production/distribution networks in East Asia that have been identified by a number of studies using international trade data, microdata of Japanese multinational enterprises, and casual observations. It then presents a concept of two-dimensional fragmentation as a starting point of theoretically formalizing the phenomena of fragmentation and agglomeration. It finally discusses the policy environment in which the formation of production/distribution networks has been accelerated and policy implications of the existence of such networks for economic integration in East Asia.     

Is Off–Board Trading Detrimental to Market Liquidity?

Dual trading can have opposite effects: although competition between markets should induce dealers to offer cheaper transactions, market fragmentation could reduce market activity, liquidity, and exchange efficiency. This paper shows that for French stocks traded on the London Stock Exchange's SEAQ International (SEAQ–I), market activity decreases significantly in the Paris Bourse during UK bank holidays. Thus, SEAQ–I market makers seem to divert a new clientele to the Paris Bourse, increasing both market activity and the breadth of the Bourse's order book. Also, contrary to the fragmentation hypothesis, dual trading does not seem to increase information asymmetry.     

Trade Verticality and Structural Change in Industries:The Cases of Taiwan and South Korea

This paper documents that a significant portion of trade for Taiwan and Korea follows the trend of world trade in moving toward a pattern of vertical specialization (VS). Noteworthy is the manufacturing sector, whose VS shares of exports has been steadily increasing and has accounted for more than 90% of the total VS shares of manufactured exports. For Taiwan, nearly 57% of the growth in exports is contributed by the growth in VS-based trade; for Korea, it is as high as 64%. In the analysis, we compare VS shares of exports with or without input-output circulation among domestic industries in an open economy. Using Taiwan as a case study, we further discuss the implications of trade liberalization through tariff reductions for trade verticality. JEL Classification Numbers: F1, F14     

国际分割生产的发展与我国的外资、外贸政策导向

国际分割生产成为国际分工的一种重要现象,我国参与的程度越来越高。国际分割生产有利于我国产业结构的提升、区域经济的协调发展和"走出去"战略的实施,我国的外资和外贸政策应当充分利用国际分割生产的这一特点。     

超声流量计的检定及误差分析

介绍了超声流量计检测数据的误差．分析并阐述了其他几种检定超声流量计的方法以及对比情况。     

重夸克碎裂运动学参数的味修正

以组分夸克模型导出的重子内轻夸克的动量分布参数为基础,通过味修正可以获得重强子内重夸克的动量分布参数及重夸克碎裂函数,其结果与实验数据较好相符。     

逆作法钢管柱后插法钢套管与液压千斤顶组合定位施工技术

为解决大直径超长钢管柱后插精准定位施工存在的问题,对钢管柱施工定位进行研究。通过采用全回转钻机安放钢套管,起钻进护壁和千斤顶回顶时的支撑作用。针对大直径钢管柱灌注桩身混凝土后插施工,采用在钢管柱中下部设置4个对称的液压千斤顶回顶护壁钢套管,并根据在柱顶实时超声波仪的偏差检测数据,进行定位协同测控调节,达到施工速度快、定位精度高、综合成本低的效果,形成相应的施工技术。     

超声空化气泡运动方程的理论推导

文章在考虑了液体表面张力、液体粘滞性和辐射阻尼等条件下推导出单一空化气泡的运动方程,为用数值方法进一步研究空化气泡的运动过程提供了理论基础。     

制备工艺对氧化锌陶瓷超声性能的影响

本文研究了烧结温度和成型压力对氧化锌陶瓷密度及超声波传播速度的影响。试验结果表明,随着烧结温度提高,超声波在氧化锌陶瓷中的传播速度下降;随着成型压力增大,超声波在陶瓷中的传播速度呈上升趋势。